1. Crop Genetic Variability for Nutrient Use Efficiency: Biological Foundation, and Case of Spring Wheat

Recent advances in plant molecular biology have elucidated the mechanisms by which plant species adapt to low-nitrogen and low-phosphorus environments. This has paved the way to new perspectives and strategies for breeding and genetic engineering: the design of low-nitrogen and low-phosphorus cultivars in order to optimize nutrients use efficiency and enhance economic and environmental sustainability. In this paper, we review the enzymatic activity of root hair-embedded transmembrane proteins,... R. Nkoa ondoua, M. Etesami